![]() If you rely on the information on this site you are responsible for ensuring by independent verification its accuracy, currency or completeness.Use of the information and data contained within this site or these pages is at your sole risk.The review of the published literature identified that a lack of precision in site selection can result in the medication being deposited in fat tissue rather than muscle. Brochure on intramuscular injections (PDF 329KB ) - Changes to your long acting injection: What you and your support team need to knowĪ review of intramuscular injection technique was conducted by the Central Adelaide Local Health Network Mental Health Directorate.Fact sheet on intramuscular injections (PDF 197KB ) - How to locate the ventrogluteal site and the three recommended sites for for the administration of intramuscular injections.The Central Adelaide Local Health Network Mental Health Directorate encourages the use of ventrogluteal and deltoid sites for intramuscular injection.Ĭonsent is required from individual consumers to use the dorsogluteal site as it presents challenges for reliable intramuscular injection and potential side effects. Mental health areas commonly use intramuscular injections for the administration of medication. This means that.Good injection practice relies on accurate site selection using anatomical markers.įive videos have been produced to assist in locating the four accepted intramuscular injection sites using anatomical markers as well as the Z track technique which should be used with all injection sites. These results support earlier work by Lachman (1963), who reported that subcutaneous fat in adults in the dorsogluteal area varies from 1cm to 9cm. A study by Cockshott et al (1982) identified that of 213 adults who were injected in the dorsogluteal site by nurses, less than 5 per cent of women and 15 per cent of men would have received an IM injection into the glutei. However, when this injection site is used there is a significant risk that the drug will not reach the muscle, but will be injected into the subcutaneous tissue layer, as this area is covered with subcutaneous tissue in many people. ![]() The dorsogluteal site or the 'upper outer quadrant' as it is known colloquially, is traditionally the IM injection site of choice. As muscle tissue has relatively few sensory nerves, IM injections allow less painful administration of concentrated or irritating drugs, and also avoid such drugs damaging the subcutaneous tissue (Campbell 1995). This route of administration provides rapid systemic action and absorption of the drug in relatively large doses (up to 5ml in most sites) (Campbell 1995). The objective of an IM injection is to deliver the drug into the muscle layer beneath the subcutaneous tissue. The administration of injections is one of the skills that nurses use regularly in clinical practice. Whether it is better to use the ventrogluteal or the dorsogluteal site has not yet been debated in the UK. A study by Farley et al (1986) identified that only 12 per cent of the nursing staff in a teaching hospital in the United States used the ventrogluteal site. Nurses in the UK tend to use the dorsogluteal site as the site of choice for IM injections, despite the fact that this choice of site is ineffective, inappropriate and potentially dangerous (Table 1). The dorsogluteal versus ventrogluteal injection sites Its ultimate goal is to support practitioners in their decision-making to eliminate the use of ineffective, inappropriate, too expensive and potentially dangerous practices.' Hamer and Collinson (1999) view this as: 'Finding, appraising and applying scientific evidence to the treatment and management of healthcare. ![]() It is important that practitioners constantly re-evaluate and update the care they give and embrace the latest research findings, by applying evidence-based practice. THE EXTENT to which the ventrogluteal site is used in the UK for administering intramuscular (IM) injections is unknown (Rodger and King 2000). This article has been subject to double-blind review. These key words are based on the subject headings from the British Nursing Index. It is hoped that this review of the literature will shift everyday practice in favour of the ventrogluteal site. It describes the main reasons for using this site and outlines the complications associated with the dorsogluteal site. This article aims to raise awareness of the use of the ventrogluteal site for administering intramuscular injections. The administration of intramuscular injections is a common nursing intervention in clinical practice.
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